Abstract This article presents an experimental analysis of the use of signals transmitted by Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) based on the IEEE 802.11b/g standards for Radio Frequency Energy Harvesting (RFEH) applications in indoor environments employing a Quasi-Yagi Rectenna (QYR) topology. This analysis is a crucial point to distinguish the use of the IEEE 802.11b/g standards for ambient RFEH applications and contributes to the debate on the use of different types of energy available for free in modern society. For it, a dedicated setup, developed in a controlled environment to avoid any external interference, was built to carry out the programmed measurements. The results obtained indicate that IEEE 802.11b/g standards have great potential for applications in RFEH, with the IEEE 802.11b average power four times higher than IEEE 802.11g at the rectifier output.

Abstract This paper presents a patch antenna array topology for Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer (SWIPT) applications. The resulting Double Patch Antenna Array (DPA) is composed of two patch antennas operating at different frequencies and fabricated on a unique substrate. One of the patches operates at the 1.8 GHz mobile communication band and is used for wireless communication, while the other one operates at the 2.4 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band, and is used for Radio Frequency Energy Harvesting (RFEH). The analyzes and measurements carried out have shown that the adopted topology has satisfactory performance for communication, with a gain of 1.5 dBi, and for out-of-band energy harvesting, with a Vout of 160 mV at 2.45 GHz. These results indicate this approach as a promising strategy for low-power wireless applications.

RESUMO O nitrogênio (N) é o nutriente mais limitante ao desenvolvimento da cana-de-açúcar e com a utilização de variedades mais produtivas e exigentes, as doses utilizadas na adubação nitrogenada na cana planta podem estar subestimadas e os teores críticos de N na folha poderão sofrer modificações. O objetivo da pesquisa foi determinar a curva de diluição dos teores críticos de N (CNDC) na folha, avaliar a produção da massa seca da parte aérea (ADM) e a produtividade de duas variedades de cana-de-açúcar em relação à adubação nitrogenada. A pesquisa foi realizada em condições de campo, sendo avaliadas as variedades RB92579 e RB867515, quando adubadas com sete doses de N (0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 e 200 kg ha-1). As variedades e doses de N foram dispostas em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições sob o esquema fatorial de 2 × 7. O teor de N na folha reduziu com o aumento da ADM e se ajustou ao modelo exponencial que permitiu estimar os teores críticos de 13,03 e 12,46 g de N kg-1 de matéria seca nas variedades RB92579 e RB867515, respectivamente. A cana planta respondeu positivamente à adubação nitrogenada e aumentou em 18,66% a tonelada de colmos por hectare (TCH) com adição de até 129,45 kg ha-1 de N. A variedade RB92579 apresentou menor diluição do teor crítico do N, maior produção de ADM e maior produtividade de colmos, sendo considerada mais eficiente na utilização do N-fertilizante.

ABSTRACT Nitrogen is the most limiting nutrient for the development of sugarcane and particularly the use of more productive and demanding varieties, for which the doses of nitrogen fertilization necessary during the plant cane cycle may be underestimated and the critical levels of nitrogen in the leaf may be modified. The objective of this study was to determine the critical nitrogen dilution curve (CNDC) for leaves, evaluate the aboveground dry mass production (DM) and productivity of two varieties fertilized with N in the plant cane cycle. The study was conducted under field conditions, evaluating two sugarcane varieties RB92579 and RB867515, fertilized with seven doses of N (0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 200 kg ha-1). The varieties and doses were arranged in randomized blocks and analyzed in the 2 × 7 factorial scheme. It was found that the nitrogen concentration in the leaf decreased with four repetitions increase in DM yield and adjusted an exponential model, which enabled to estimate the critical levels of 13.03 and 12.46 g N kg-1 dry matter in the varieties RB92579 and RB867515, respectively. The plant cane cycle were observed to respond positively to nitrogen fertilization, with increase of 18.66% in tons of stalk per hectare (TSH) in response to the application addition of up to 129.45 kg N ha-1. The variety RB92579 showed the lowest dilution of the critical nitrogen concentration, the highest production of DM and higher stalk yield, and accordingly is considered to be the more efficient of the two varieties with respect to nitrogen fertilizer utilization.